A cancellation notice is a serious business. Without car insurance, you’re on the hook for any damage or injuries you cause in an accident, and in most states, you’re breaking the law by driving without liability coverage.
Cancellation is different from nonrenewal, which occurs when an insurance company decides not to renew the policy after the current term ends. Reasons for nonrenewal vary.
It could have been something you did — such as getting too many tickets or making too many claims. Or, your insurance carrier could be dropping that type of insurance from its lineup or pulling out of your state.
Car insurance underwriting process
Cancellation happens before the current term expires. States set rules for when and under what circumstances insurance companies can cancel policies. They also dictate how much notice insurers must give before cutting off coverage and how consumers can go about appealing the decisions.
In every state, insurers have the right to cancel a policy during the first days of the policy, known as the “underwriting period,” says Christopher Boggs, vice president of education for the Insurance Journal’s Academy of Insurance. The underwriting period in most states is 60 days. The shortest, 30 days, is in Washington, D.C., and the longest for auto insurance — 90 days — is in effect in Florida, Kansas, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio and South Carolina.
The underwriting period gives the insurance company a chance to make sure the information in your application is correct. After all, the premium amount and the decision to issue the policy are based on the information you provided.
Today insurers have almost instantaneous access to your driving record, so cancellation during the underwriting period is rare, Boggs says. However, occasionally information might come to light that would call your policy into question.
Say, for instance, you get a policy for you and your spouse and then call the agent to report the addition of a new car for your 16-year-old son, whom you failed to mention on the application. The company could cancel the policy if its underwriting guidelines didn’t allow inexperienced drivers.
Insurers also have the right to cancel in the middle of the term after the underwriting period. Every state allows insurance companies to cancel midterm if:
- You don’t pay the premium
- You make a “material misrepresentation.” “A ‘material misrepresentation’ is a dressed-up term for a lie,” Boggs says. “This means the insured lied about a material fact.”
“The insurer would have charged you a higher premium, or set different terms or conditions on the policy, or would not have issued the policy if the truth had been known,” Boggs says.
Why your car insurance company can cancel your coverage
In many states, insurers can cancel coverage if you don’t abide by the policy’s terms and conditions or your risk substantially increases, he adds.
Other reasons in some states include:
- Your driver’s license or motor vehicle registration is revoked, or the driver’s license or registration of someone in your household is revoked.
- You’re diagnosed with a condition that makes driving unsafe. In Illinois, for instance, the insurance company can cancel if you become subject to epilepsy or heart attacks and fail to produce a certificate from a doctor testifying to your ability to drive safely.
- Your vehicle is unsafe to drive.
- You use the vehicle to carry passengers for hire.
- You or anyone who drives your car regularly is convicted of a DUI or serious crime. In some states, such as Kansas and Rhode Island, that includes any felony.
States also set rules for how much notice insurers must give you for cancellation. During the underwriting period, the required notice ranges from 10 days to 60 days, depending on the state. After the underwriting period, the notification requirements are most commonly 10 days for failing to pay the premium and generally anywhere from 20 to 60 days for other reasons.
Contact your state’s insurance department to learn the steps for making an appeal if you think the cancellation was unfair. But don’t wait for the appeal decision to shop for a new policy. A cancellation notice deserves immediate attention.
Make sure to get new coverage before the cancellation date — even if you plan on appealing. If you win your appeal, you can cancel your new policy.
Car insurance mid-term cancellation laws by state
| State | Notice Period |
|---|---|
| Alabama | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Alaska | 20 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Arizona | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Arkansas | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| California | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Colorado | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Connecticut | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Delaware | 15 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Florida | 10 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| Georgia | 10 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| Hawaii | 15 days for nonpayment |
| Idaho | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Illinois | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Indiana | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Iowa | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Kansas | 30 days prior notice before policy cancellation |
| Kentucky | 14 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Louisiana | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Maine | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Maryland | 10 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| Massachusetts | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Michigan | Number of days according to policy for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Minnesota | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Mississippi | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Missouri | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Montana | 30 days for nonpayment |
| Nebraska | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Nevada | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| New Hampshire | 10 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| New Jersey | 15 days for nonpayment and other reasons |
| New Mexico | 30 days for “substantial change in risk,” 15 days for any other reason |
| New York | 20 days prior to its effective date or 15 days prior if non-payment of premium is the ground for cancellation |
| North Carolina | 15 days for nonpayment, 60 days for other reasons |
| North Dakota | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Ohio | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Oklahoma | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Oregon | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Pennsylvania | 15 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| Rhode Island | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| South Carolina | 10 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
| South Dakota | 20 days |
| Tennessee | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Texas | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Utah | 10 days for nonpayment; 30 days for other reasons |
| Vermont | 15 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| Virginia | 15 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| Washington | 10 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| West Virginia | 10 days for nonpayment, 20 days for other reasons |
| Wisconsin | 10 days for nonpayment |
| Wyoming | 10 days for nonpayment, 45 days for other reasons |
| Washington, D.C. | 15 days for nonpayment, 30 days for other reasons |
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Resources and Methodology
Source:
National Association of Insurance Commissioners. “Insurance Departments.” Accessed January 2023.
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